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The Bhakti movement of Hinduism saw two ways of imaging the nature of the divine : Nirguna and Saguna. [98] Nirguna Brahman was the concept of the ultimate reality as formless and without attributes or quality. [99] Saguna Brahman, in contrast, was envisioned and developed as with form, attributes and quality. [99]
It contrasts with Saguna Brahman which is a state of loving awareness (Bhakti yoga). [12] Advaita Vedanta non-dualistically holds that Brahman is divine, the Divine is Brahman, and this is identical to that which is Atman (one's soul, innermost self) and nirguna (attribute-less), infinite, love, truth, knowledge, "being-consciousness-bliss". [13]
The Bhakti movement of Hinduism built its theosophy around two concepts of Brahman—Nirguna and Saguna. [112] Nirguna Brahman was the concept of the Ultimate Reality as formless, without attributes or quality. [113] Saguna Brahman, in contrast, was envisioned and developed as with form, attributes and quality. [113]
The Bhakti movement of Hinduism built its theosophy around two concepts of Brahman—Nirguna and Saguna. [118] Nirguna Brahman was the concept of the Ultimate Reality as formless, without attributes or quality. [119] Saguna Brahman, in contrast, was envisioned and developed as with form, attributes and quality. [119]
The Alvars (Tamil: ஆழ்வார், romanized: Āḻvār, lit. 'The Immersed') were the Tamil poet-saints of South India who espoused bhakti (devotion) to the Hindu preserver deity Vishnu, in their songs of longing, ecstasy, and service. [2] They are venerated in Vaishnavism, which regards Vishnu as the Ultimate Reality.
As Bhakti movement ideas spread in South India, Shaivite devotionalism became a potent movement in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Shaivism was adopted by several ruling Hindu dynasties as the state religion (though other Hindu traditions, Buddhism and Jainism continued in parallel), including the Chola , Nayaks ( lingayats ) [ 272 ] and the Rajputs .
The Bhakti movement was a theistic devotional trend that originated in the seventh-century Tamil south India (now parts of Tamil Nadu and Kerala), and spread northwards. [131] It swept over east and north India from the fifteenth-century onwards, reaching its zenith between the 15th and 17th century CE.
The Bhakti Movement was a rapid growth of bhakti, first starting in the later part of 1st millennium CE, from Tamil Nadu in southern India with the Shaiva Nayanars [23] and the Vaishnava Alvars. Their ideas and practices inspired bhakti poetry and devotion throughout India over the 12th-18th century CE.