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[1] [5] As an eye drop it is used to manage angle closure glaucoma until surgery can be performed, ocular hypertension, primary open angle glaucoma, and to constrict the pupil after dilation. [1] [6] [7] However, due to its side effects, it is no longer typically used for long-term management. [8]
Apraclonidine is indicated for the short-term adjunctive treatment of glaucoma for patients on maximally tolerated medical therapy who require additional reduction of IOP. These patients, who are treated with apraclonidine to delay surgery, should have frequent follow-up examinations and treatment should be discontinued if the intraocular ...
Michael Belkin is an Israeli academic and researcher working in ophthalmology, Professor Emeritus of Ophthalmology at Tel Aviv University.His research brought about advances in glaucoma treatment such as the ExPress glaucoma implant, [1] the Ioptimate CO 2 laser glaucoma surgery and a fast, non-contact glaucoma laser treatment.
The word glaucoma comes from the Ancient Greek word γλαυκός (glaukós), meaning 'gleaming, blue-green, gray'. Of the different types of glaucoma, the most common are called open-angle glaucoma and closed-angle glaucoma. [7] Inside the eye, a liquid called aqueous humor helps to maintain shape and provides nutrients.
Glaucoma medication is divided into groups based on chemical structure and pharmacologic action. The goal of currently available glaucoma therapy is to preserve visual function by lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients that have an increased intraocular pressure.
In people with ocular hypertension (IOP ≥21 mm Hg) including open-angle glaucoma, treatment with latanoprost reduced IOP levels by 22 to 39% over 1 to 12 months’ treatment. Latanoprost is more effective than timolol 0.5% twice daily in 3 of 4 large (n = 163 to 267) randomised, double-blind trials.
Miotic drugs are a class of cholinergic drugs that are frequently employed in the treatment and management of all types of glaucoma. [11] [12] These drugs stimulate the contraction of the pupil causing the iris to pull away from the trabecular meshwork. [2] [12] Consequently, the normal drainage of the aqueous humour is restored, relieving IOP.
Trabeculectomy is the most common invasive glaucoma surgery. It is highly effective in the treatment of advanced glaucoma as demonstrated in major glaucoma studies. [citation needed] Even if a prior trabeculectomy has failed a second trabeculectomy can be performed at a different site. If scarring is the main reason, anti-fibrotic and anti ...
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