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According to the DSM-5 there are 3 major categories of bipolar disorder: Bipolar I, Bipolar II, and Bipolar Not Otherwise Specified (NOS). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Just as in adults, bipolar I is the most severe form of PBD in children and adolescents, and can impair sleep, general function, and lead to hospitalization. [ 2 ]
The global prevalence of bipolar disorder is estimated to be between 1–5% of the world's population. [11] While the causes of this mood disorder are not clearly understood, both genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role. [4] Genetic factors may account for up to 70–90% of the risk of developing bipolar disorder.
BD-NOS is a mood disorder and one of four subtypes on the bipolar spectrum, which also includes bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, and cyclothymia. [1] BD-NOS was a classification in the DSM-IV and has since been changed to Bipolar "Other Specified" and "Unspecified" in the 2013 released DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
Bipolar disorders fall in between depressive disorders and schizophrenia spectrum and related disorders "in recognition of their place as a bridge between the two diagnostic classes in terms of symptomatology, family history and genetics" (Ref. 1, p 123). [43] Bipolar disorders underwent a few changes in the DSM-5, most notably the addition of ...
The Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale (BSDS) is a psychiatric self-rating scale created by Ronald Pies in screening for bipolar disorder (BD). [1] Its initial version consists of a descriptive narrative aimed to capture the nuances and milder variants of BD. [ 2 ]
Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder that causes periods of depression and periods of abnormally elevated mood. The altered mood is significant and is known as mania or hypomania , depending on its severity, or whether symptoms of psychosis are present.
Bipolar I disorder (BD-I; pronounced "type one bipolar disorder") is a type of bipolar spectrum disorder characterized by the occurrence of at least one manic episode, with or without mixed or psychotic features. [1] Most people also, at other times, have one or more depressive episodes. [2]
Schizophrenia is a primary psychotic disorder, whereas, bipolar disorder is a primary mood disorder which can also involve psychosis. Both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are characterized as critical psychiatric disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth edition (DSM-5). [1]