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The main use of l-ascorbic acid and its salts is as food additives, mostly to combat oxidation and prevent discoloration of the product during storage. [20] It is approved for this purpose in the EU with E number E300, [ 21 ] the US, [ 22 ] Australia, and New Zealand.
Potassium ascorbate is a compound with formula KC 6 H 7 O 6. It is the potassium salt of ascorbic acid and a mineral ascorbate. As a food additive, it has E number E303, INS number 303. Although it is not a permitted food additive in the UK, USA and the EU, [2] [3] it is approved for use in Australia and New Zealand. [4]
Sodium ascorbate is one of a number of mineral salts of ascorbic acid (vitamin C). The molecular formula of this chemical compound is C 6 H 7 NaO 6. As the sodium salt of ascorbic acid, it is known as a mineral ascorbate. It has not been demonstrated to be more bioavailable than any other form of vitamin C supplement. [2]
An example SDS, including guidance for handling a hazardous substance and information on its composition and properties. A safety data sheet (SDS), [1] material safety data sheet (MSDS), or product safety data sheet (PSDS) is a document that lists information relating to occupational safety and health for the use of various substances and products.
Calcium ascorbate is a compound with the molecular formula CaC 12 H 14 O 12. It is the calcium salt of ascorbic acid, one of the mineral ascorbates. It is approximately 10% calcium by mass. As a food additive, it has the E number E 302. It is approved for use as a food in the EU, [2] USA [3] and Australia and New Zealand. [4]
The name "vitamin C" always refers to the l-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and its oxidized form, dehydroascorbate (DHA). Therefore, unless written otherwise, "ascorbate" and "ascorbic acid" refer in the nutritional literature to l-ascorbate and l-ascorbic acid respectively.
Ascorbyl palmitate is an ester formed from ascorbic acid and palmitic acid creating a fat-soluble form of vitamin C. In addition to its use as a source of vitamin C, it is also used as an antioxidant food additive (E number E304).
Ascorbyl stearate (C 24 H 42 O 7) is an ester formed from ascorbic acid and stearic acid. In addition to its use as a source of vitamin C, it is used as an antioxidant food additive in margarine (E number E305). The USDA limits its use to 0.02% individually or in conjunction with other antioxidants.