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Idiopathic osteosclerosis, also known as enostosis or dense bone island, is a condition which may be found around the roots of a tooth, usually a premolar or molar. [2] It is usually painless and found during routine radiographs as an amorphous radiopaque (light) area around a tooth.
An enostosis is a small area of compact bone within the cancellous bone. [1] [2] They are commonly seen as an incidental finding on radiographs or CT scans. They are typically very small and do not cause any symptoms. [3] Their radiodensity is generally similar to cortical bone. [4] No treatment is necessary. Multiple enostoses are present in ...
Osteopoikilosis is a benign, autosomal dominant, sclerosing (hardening) dysplasia of bone characterized by the presence of numerous bone islands in the skeleton. [ 1 ] Presentation
Condensing osteitis, also known as focal sclerosing osteomyelitis, is a rare periapical inflammatory condition characterized by the formation of sclerotic bone near the roots of premolars and molars. This condition arises as a response to dental infections, such as periapical pulp inflammation or low-intensity trauma.
Periapical radiographs can locate radiopaque structures in proximity to the root which can appear as dense bone islands or periapical osseous dysplasia in cases of hypercementosis. [9] The majority of affected teeth appear club-shaped due to cemental hyperplasia diffusing in a variety of severities. Most appear in the apical third of the root. [10]
A Brodie abscess is a subacute osteomyelitis, appearing as an accumulation of pus in bone, frequently with an insidious onset. [1] Brodie's abscess is characterized by pain and swelling without fever, often resulting from diabetic wounds, fracture-related bone infection, or haematogenous osteomyelitis.
The presence of buccal exostosis can be diagnosed by both clinical examination and radiological interpretation of the oral cavity. Clinically, buccal exostoses appear as single, broad-based masses, usually situated bilaterally in the premolar and molar region on the facial surface of the maxillary alveolar bone. [11]
Osteophyte formation has classically been related to sequential and consequential changes in such processes. Often osteophytes form in osteoarthritic joints as a result of damage and wear from inflammation. Calcification and new bone formation can also occur in response to mechanical damage in joints. [5]