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grep is a command-line utility for searching plaintext datasets for lines that match a regular expression. Its name comes from the ed command g/re/p (global regular expression search and print), which has the same effect.
The /dev/null argument is used to show the name of the file before the text that is found. Without it, only the text found is printed. (Alternatively, some versions of grep support a -H flag that forces the file name to be printed.) GNU grep can be used on its own to perform this task: $
GNU grep, which supports a wide variety of POSIX syntaxes and extensions, uses BM for a first-pass prefiltering, and then uses an implicit DFA. Wu agrep, which implements approximate matching, combines the prefiltering into the DFA in BDM (backward DAWG matching). NR-grep's BNDM extends the BDM technique with Shift-Or bit-level parallelism. [54]
AWK (/ ɔː k / [4]) is a domain-specific language designed for text processing and typically used as a data extraction and reporting tool. Like sed and grep, it is a filter, [4] and it is a standard feature of most Unix-like operating systems.
/S Searches for matching files in the current directory and all subdirectories. /I Specifies that the search is not to be case-sensitive. /X Prints lines that match exactly. /V Prints only lines that do not contain a match. /N Prints the line number before each line that matches. /M Prints only the filename if a file contains a match.
The word sh at the end of the line is for the POSIX shell sh -c to fill in for $0, the "executable name" part of the positional parameters (argv). If it weren't present, the name of the first matched file would be instead assigned to $0 and the file wouldn't be copied to ~/backups.
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A screenshot of the original 1971 Unix reference page for glob – the owner is dmr, short for Dennis Ritchie.. glob() (/ ɡ l ɒ b /) is a libc function for globbing, which is the archetypal use of pattern matching against the names in a filesystem directory such that a name pattern is expanded into a list of names matching that pattern.