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  2. Internet Protocol television - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol_television

    An IPTV set-top box connected to a TV set, designed to receive television from a service called Mview. Internet Protocol television (IPTV), also called TV over broadband, [1] [2] is the service delivery of television over Internet Protocol (IP) networks.

  3. IP multicast - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_multicast

    IP multicast is a technique for one-to-many and many-to-many real-time communication over an IP infrastructure in a network. It scales to a larger receiver population by requiring neither prior knowledge of a receiver's identity nor prior knowledge of the number of receivers.

  4. OSI model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model

    The concept of a seven-layer model was provided by the work of Charles Bachman at Honeywell Information Systems. [14] Various aspects of OSI design evolved from experiences with the NPL network, ARPANET, CYCLADES, EIN, and the International Network Working Group (IFIP WG6.1). In this model, a networking system was divided into layers.

  5. Internet Group Management Protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Group_Management...

    IGMP operates on the network layer (layer 3), just the same as other network management protocols like ICMP. [1] The IGMP protocol is implemented on hosts and within routers. A host requests membership to a group through its local router while a router listens for these requests and periodically sends out subscription queries.

  6. SMPTE 2022 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMPTE_2022

    ST 2022-7:2019 - Seamless Protection Switching of RTP Datagrams ST 2022-8:2019 - Professional Media Over Managed IP Networks: Timing of ST 2022-6 Streams in ST 2110-10 Systems SMPTE 2022 is an important technology enabling the transition of broadcast systems to IP networking.

  7. Application layer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_layer

    An application layer is an abstraction layer that specifies the shared communication protocols and interface methods used by hosts in a communications network. [1] An application layer abstraction is specified in both the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) and the OSI model . [ 2 ]

  8. Encapsulation (networking) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encapsulation_(networking)

    In discussions of encapsulation, the more abstract layer is often called the upper-layer protocol while the more specific layer is called the lower-layer protocol. Sometimes, however, the terms upper-layer protocols and lower-layer protocols are used to describe the layers above and below IP. [7]

  9. Data compression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression

    The acceptable trade-off between loss of audio quality and transmission or storage size depends upon the application. For example, one 640 MB compact disc (CD) holds approximately one hour of uncompressed high fidelity music, less than 2 hours of music compressed losslessly, or 7 hours of music compressed in the MP3 format at a medium bit rate ...