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Voice disorders [1] are medical conditions involving abnormal pitch, loudness or quality of the sound produced by the larynx and thereby affecting speech production. These include: Vocal fold nodules; Vocal fold cysts; Vocal cord paresis; Reinke's edema; Spasmodic dysphonia; Foreign accent syndrome; Bogart–Bacall syndrome; Laryngeal ...
Having a speech disorder can have negative social effects, especially among young children. Those with a speech disorder can be targets of bullying because of their disorder. This bullying can result in decreased self-esteem. [20] Religion and culture also play a large role in the social effects of speech disorders.
Smith [15] offers the following definitions of major terms that are important in the world of speech and language disorders. Alternative and augmentative communication (AAC): Assistive technology that helps individuals to communicate; may be low-tech or high-tech; Articulation disorder: Atypical generation of speech sounds
A speech sound disorder (SSD) is a speech disorder affecting the ability to pronounce speech sounds, which includes speech articulation disorders and phonemic disorders, the latter referring to some sounds not being produced or used correctly. The term "protracted phonological development" is sometimes preferred when describing children's ...
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikimedia Commons; Wikidata item; Appearance. ... People with speech disorders (2 C, 69 P) S. Stuttering (4 C ...
Developmental verbal dyspraxia (DVD), also known as childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) and developmental apraxia of speech (DAS), [1] is a condition in which an individual has problems saying sounds, syllables and words. This is not because of muscle weakness or paralysis.
A communication disorder is any disorder that affects an individual's ability to comprehend, detect, or apply language and speech to engage in dialogue effectively with others. [1] This also encompasses deficiencies in verbal and non-verbal communication styles. [ 2 ]
Specific language impairment (SLI) (the term developmental language disorder is preferred by some) [1] is diagnosed when a child's language does not develop normally and the difficulties cannot be accounted for by generally slow development, physical abnormality of the speech apparatus, autism spectrum disorder, apraxia, acquired brain damage or hearing loss.