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Prior to the Partition of Ireland, censuses covered the entire island of Ireland, with the most recent one having been the 1911 census of Ireland, no census having taken place in 1921 due to the Irish War of Independence.
The 2022 census of Ireland was held on Sunday, 3 April 2022. [1] It was organised by the Central Statistics Office (CSO) and reported a total population of 5,149,139, or an 8.1% increase since the prior 2016 census.
Census 2016 was the first Irish census that allowed respondents to report a marital status contracted with a person of the same sex. [6] This followed a 2015 referendum to amend the Irish Constitution to permit same-sex marriages, which was passed into law by the Marriage Act 2015.
Irish censuses from before 1901 have not generally survived to the present day, [21] due to a combination of official incompetence (the 1881 and 1891 returns were pulped before they could be transcribed into books), non-retention (1861 and 1871), and a fire during the Irish Civil War in 1922. The 1901 and 1911 censuses for Ireland (all of which ...
Despite this, the total fertility rate is still below replacement depending on when the measurement is taken. The Irish fertility rate is still the highest of any European country. [6] This increase is significantly fuelled by non-Irish immigration – in 2009, one-quarter of all babies born in Ireland were born to foreign-born mothers. [7]
Censuses were taken at ten-year intervals from 1821 onwards, but the 1921 census was cancelled due to the Irish War of Independence. The original records of the 1821 to 1851 censuses were destroyed by fire at the Four Courts in Dublin during the Irish Civil War, while those between 1861 and 1891 were possibly pulped during the First World War. [2]
Just 8 of Ireland's 32 counties currently have a population above their recorded 1841 peak as of the latest censuses. Population estimates suggest that the total population of the island peaked in 1845 at around 8.5 million, and would likely have reached 9 million at the 1851 census were it not for the famine. [ 8 ]
The Famine and the resulting Irish diaspora had a dramatic effect on population; by 1891, Ireland's population had slipped under five million and by 1931, it had dropped to just over four million. It stayed around this level until the 1960s, when the population began to rise again.