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A function. May be unary or n-ary (or always unary for languages without n-ary functions). func1, func2, etc. functions of specific arity. func (with no number) is the same as func1, also known as a projection in many languages. pred Unary function returning a Boolean value. (ML type: 'a -> bool) (C-like type: bool pred < T > (T t)). list The ...
Multi-key quicksort, also known as three-way radix quicksort, [1] is an algorithm for sorting strings.This hybrid of quicksort and radix sort was originally suggested by P. Shackleton, as reported in one of C.A.R. Hoare's seminal papers on quicksort; [2]: 14 its modern incarnation was developed by Jon Bentley and Robert Sedgewick in the mid-1990s. [3]
In Python 2.4 and above, both the sorted() function and the in-place list.sort() method take a key= parameter that allows the user to provide a "key function" (like foo in the examples above). In Python 3 and above, use of the key function is the only way to specify a custom sort order (the previously supported cmp= parameter that allowed the ...
For function that manipulate strings, modern object-oriented languages, like C# and Java have immutable strings and return a copy (in newly allocated dynamic memory), while others, like C manipulate the original string unless the programmer copies data to a new string.
Timsort is a hybrid, stable sorting algorithm, derived from merge sort and insertion sort, designed to perform well on many kinds of real-world data. It was implemented by Tim Peters in 2002 for use in the Python programming language. The algorithm finds subsequences of the data that are already ordered (runs) and uses them to sort the ...
Most languages provide a generic sort function that implements a sort algorithm that will sort arbitrary objects. This function usually accepts an arbitrary function that determines how to compare whether two elements are equal or if one is greater or less than the other. Consider this Python code sorting a list of strings by length of the string:
Rosetta Code is a wiki-based programming chrestomathy website with implementations of common algorithms and solutions to various programming problems in many different programming languages. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is named for the Rosetta Stone , which has the same text inscribed on it in three languages, and thus allowed Egyptian hieroglyphs to be ...
Introsort or introspective sort is a hybrid sorting algorithm that provides both fast average performance and (asymptotically) optimal worst-case performance. It begins with quicksort, it switches to heapsort when the recursion depth exceeds a level based on (the logarithm of) the number of elements being sorted and it switches to insertion sort when the number of elements is below some threshold.