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2. DNA replication - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_replication

   DNA Pol I has a 5′ to 3′ exonuclease activity in addition to its polymerase activity, and uses its exonuclease activity to degrade the RNA primers ahead of it as it extends the DNA strand behind it, in a process called nick translation. Pol I is much less processive than Pol III because its primary function in DNA replication is to create ...

3. DNA polymerase - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_polymerase

   A DNA polymerase is a member of a family of enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of DNA molecules from nucleoside triphosphates, the molecular precursors of DNA. These enzymes are essential for DNA replication and usually work in groups to create two identical DNA duplexes from a single original DNA duplex. During this process, DNA polymerase ...

4. Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for ...

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_Structure_of...

   The two base-pair complementary chains of the DNA molecule allow replication of the genetic instructions. The "specific pairing" is a key feature of the Watson and Crick model of DNA, the pairing of nucleotide subunits. [5] In DNA, the amount of guanine is equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine is equal to thymine. The A:T and C:G pairs ...

5. DNA extraction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_extraction

   The first isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was done in 1869 by Friedrich Miescher. [1] DNA extraction is the process of isolating DNA from the cells of an organism isolated from a sample, typically a biological sample such as blood, saliva, or tissue. It involves breaking open the cells, removing proteins and other contaminants, and ...

6. DNA synthesis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_synthesis

   DNA replication also works by using a DNA template, the DNA double helix unwinds during replication, exposing unpaired bases for new nucleotides to hydrogen bond to. Gene synthesis, however, does not require a DNA template and genes are assembled de novo. DNA synthesis occurs in all eukaryotes and prokaryotes, as well as some viruses. The ...

7. DNA unwinding element - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_unwinding_element

   A DNA unwinding element (DUE or DNAUE) is the initiation site for the opening of the double helix structure of the DNA at the origin of replication for DNA synthesis. [1] It is A-T rich and denatures easily due to its low helical stability, [ 2 ] which allows the single-strand region to be recognized by origin recognition complex .

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   AOL

9. Helicase - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helicase

   Helicases are also classified as α or β depending on if they work with single or double-strand DNA; α helicases work with single-strand DNA and β helicases work with double-strand DNA. They are also classified by translocation polarity. If translocation occurs 3’-5’ the helicase is type A; if translocation occurs 5’-3’ it is type B ...