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The NEC also permits grounding-type receptacles in non-grounded wiring protected by a GFCI; this only applies when old non-grounded receptacles are replaced with grounded receptacles, and the new receptacles must be marked with 'No equipment ground' and 'GFCI Protected' . 240 V receptacle faces
A residual-current device (RCD), residual-current circuit breaker (RCCB) or ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) [a] is an electrical safety device that interrupts an electrical circuit when the current passing through a conductor is not equal and opposite in both directions, therefore indicating leakage current to ground or current flowing to another powered conductor.
As of the 2020 NEC this exception no longer exists and those devices in are required to have GFCI protection where otherwise required. Two-wire outlets having no grounding conductor may be protected by a GFCI or one upstream of the receptacle and must be labelled "No Equipment Ground" and "GFCI Protected".
The ground tab is designed to be attached to the outlet faceplate screw, which is supposed to be connected to the building electrical ground. A cheater plug, AC ground lifter or three-prong/two-prong adapter is an adapter that allows a NEMA 5-15P grounding-type plug (three prongs) to connect to a NEMA 1-15R non-grounding receptacle (two slots).
The "local" Earth/Ground electrode provides "system grounding" [13] at each building where it is installed. The "Grounded" current carrying conductor is the system "neutral". Australian and New Zealand standards use a modified protective multiple earthing (PME [14]) system called multiple earthed neutral (MEN).
NEMA 1-15P (two-pole, no ground) and NEMA 5-15P (two-pole with ground pin) plugs are used on common domestic electrical equipment, and NEMA 5-15R is the standard 15-ampere electric receptacle (outlet) found in the United States, and under relevant national standards, in Canada (CSA C22.2 No. 42 [1]), Mexico (NMX-J-163-ANCE) and Japan (JIS C 8303).
West Germany banned bootleg grounding in 1973, although it was common practice before and can still be found in older installations. [citation needed] In Finland, using neutral as a ground conductor was a common practice until 1989. [3] After that, a thicker PEN-wire was used as both ground and neutral until it was banned in 2007. [4]
A ground fault protection relay must trip the breaker to protect the circuit before overheating of the resistor occurs. High-resistance grounding (HRG) systems use an NGR to limit the fault current to 25 A or less. They have a continuous rating, and are designed to operate with a single-ground fault.