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A countermeasure is a measure or action taken to counter or offset another one. As a general concept, it implies precision and is any technological or tactical solution or system designed to prevent an undesirable outcome in the process.
The first example of electronic countermeasures being applied in a combat situation took place during the Russo-Japanese war.On July 13, 1904, Russian wireless telegraphy stations installed in the Port Arthur fortress and on board Russian light cruisers successfully interrupted wireless communication between a group of Japanese battleships.
Examples of electronic counter-countermeasures include the American Big Crow program, which served as a Bear bomber and a standoff jammer. [6] It was a modified Air Force NKC-135A and was built to provide capability and flexibility of conducting varied and precision electronic warfare experiments. [7]
In computer security a countermeasure is an action, device, procedure, or technique that reduces a threat, vulnerability, or attack, eliminating or preventing it by minimizing the harm it can cause. It can also include discovering and reporting vunerabilities so that corrective action can be taken.
Malicious code is a broad category that encompasses a number of threats to cyber-security. In essence it is any “hardware, software, or firmware that is intentionally included or inserted in a system for a harmful purpose.” [6] Commonly referred to as malware it includes computer viruses, worms, Trojan horses, keyloggers, BOTs, Rootkits, and any software security exploits.
Security controls or security measures are safeguards or countermeasures to avoid, detect, counteract, or minimize security risks to physical property, information, computer systems, or other assets. [1] In the field of information security, such controls protect the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information.
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A countermeasure to ARM is not to use self-protective jamming (one could use stand-off jamming, assuming that the missiles has a range no longer than the radar), or have a decoy taking the missile (such as ADM-160 MALD and AN/ALE-55 Fiber-Optic Towed Decoy). By towing a decoy/jammer, the decoy maintains a realistic Doppler shift (which tricks ...