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External validity is the validity of applying the conclusions of a scientific study outside the context of that study. [1] In other words, it is the extent to which the results of a study can generalize or transport to other situations, people, stimuli, and times.
In Freudian psychology, externalization (or externalisation) is a defense mechanism by which an individual projects their own internal characteristics onto the outside world, particularly onto other people. [1] For example, a patient who is overly argumentative might instead perceive others as argumentative and themselves as blameless.
Another important criterion in externalist theory is to which aspect of the mind is addressed. Some externalists focus on cognitive aspects of the mind – such as Andy Clark and David Chalmers , [ 2 ] Shaun Gallagher [ 3 ] and many others [ 4 ] – while others engage either the phenomenal aspect of the mind or the conscious mind itself.
The study of values has a long history in psychological research, for instance, Rokeach's value scale, which has been used widely. [1] That focus has also been transferred to the study of culture in psychology. The anthropologists Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck conducted a large-scale study of values in five Southwestern US cultures in the 1950s. [2]
A side effect or externality associated with such activity is the pollination of surrounding crops by the bees. The value generated by the pollination may be more important than the value of the harvested honey. The corporate development of some free software (studied notably by Jean Tirole and Steven Weber [35])
Women and Gen Z are the most stressed, new research finds. Finance. CBS News. Meta is cutting 5% of its workforce, or more than 3,600 employees. Food. Food. Cheapism.
Vertiginous question: Why is it that a specific subject of experience is "live" from a given perspective? What, if anything, is the function of consciousness? [2] [3] Problem of mental causation: How exactly do mental states cause intentional actions to happen? What is the nature and mechanism behind near-death experiences? How can death be ...
“Just as important as it is to get healthy, it is to get that No. 1 seed,” Mahomes said. “Just like the playoffs being three weeks away, go out and win two games, you are going to have a ...