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Takeoff weight components. The maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) or maximum gross takeoff weight (MGTOW) or maximum takeoff mass (MTOM) of an aircraft, also known as the maximum structural takeoff weight or maximum structural takeoff mass, [1] is the maximum weight at which the pilot is allowed to attempt to take off, due to structural or other limits.
A compressor outlet temperature of about 900 K is the limit which is determined by material suitability in terms of weight and cost. [ 59 ] Pratt & Whitney JT3 (1/4th scale) with 12:1 pr, an example of an early jet engine with a split compressor.
The "Operating empty weight" (OEW) is the sum of the empty weight and the crew plus their baggage. Standard items include all structural modification or configuration orders that may have altered the MEW, including all fluids necessary for operation such as engine oil , engine coolant , water , hydraulic fluid and unusable fuel .
Critical exposure temperature (CET) is the lowest anticipated temperature to which the vessel will be subjected, taking into consideration lowest operating temperature, operational upsets, autorefrigeration, atmospheric temperature, and any other sources of cooling.
In aerodynamics, the flight envelope, service envelope, or performance envelope of an aircraft or spacecraft refers to the capabilities of a design in terms of airspeed and load factor or atmospheric density, often simplified to altitude. [1] [2] The term is somewhat loosely applied, and can also refer to other measurements such as maneuverability.
The aircraft gross weight (also known as the all-up weight and abbreviated AUW) is the total aircraft weight at any moment during the flight or ground operation. [1] [2] [3]An aircraft's gross weight will decrease during a flight due to fuel and oil consumption.
The maximum ramp weight (MRW) (also known as the maximum taxi weight (MTW)) is the maximum weight authorised for manoeuvring (taxiing or towing) an aircraft on the ground as limited by aircraft strength and airworthiness requirements. It includes the weight of taxi and run-up fuel for the engines and the auxiliary power unit (APU).
Operating weight is a measure of the total weight of a vehicle or machine when it is in use, including all necessary components such as the driver or operator, fuel, and any additional equipment or tools required for its operation.