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Gadolinium is a silvery-white metal when oxidation is removed. It is a malleable and ductile rare-earth element. Gadolinium reacts with atmospheric oxygen or moisture slowly to form a black coating. Gadolinium below its Curie point of 20 °C (68 °F) is ferromagnetic, with an attraction to a magnetic field higher than that of nickel.
Magnetic properties; Biodistribution and applications: Extracellular fluid agents (intravenous contrast agents) ... Gadolinium has been found to remain in the brain ...
The scintillation properties of Gd 2 O 2 S: Pr, Ce, F complexes demonstrate that this scintillator is promising for imaging applications. There are two main disadvantages to this scintillator; one being the hexagonal crystal structure, which emits only optical translucency and low external light collection at the photodiode.
Gadolinium(III) oxide is a host material in some solid-state lasers. Doped with rare-earth ions such as neodymium or erbium, Gd₂O₃ can produce lasers with high efficiency and specific wavelengths, which are important in various applications, including telecommunications and medical procedures. [10]
Gadolinium(III) nitride can be prepared by the direct reaction of gadolinium metal and nitrogen gas at 1600 °C and at a pressure of 1300 atm. [4] 2Gd + N 2 → 2GdN Properties
Gadolinium salts are of primary interest for relaxation agents in magnetic resonance imaging . This technique exploits the fact that Gd 3+ has an electronic configuration of f 7 . Seven is the largest number of unpaired electron spins possible for an atom, so Gd 3+ is a key component in the design of highly paramagnetic complexes. [ 6 ]
Gadolinium isotopes have 10 metastable isomers, with the most stable being 143m Gd (t 1/2 = 110 seconds), 145m Gd (t 1/2 = 85 seconds) and 141m Gd (t 1/2 = 24.5 seconds). The primary decay mode at atomic weights lower than the most abundant stable isotope, 158 Gd, is electron capture , and the primary mode at higher atomic weights is beta decay .
Gadolinium phosphide is an inorganic compound of gadolinium and phosphorus with the ... Physical properties ... high frequency applications and in laser diodes. [1 ...