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Gadolinium as a metal or a salt absorbs neutrons and is, therefore, used sometimes for shielding in neutron radiography and in nuclear reactors. Like most of the rare earths, gadolinium forms trivalent ions with fluorescent properties, and salts of gadolinium(III) are used as phosphors in various applications.
Gadolinium(III) oxide (archaically gadolinia) is an inorganic compound with the formula Gd 2 O 3. It is one of the most commonly available forms of the rare-earth element gadolinium , derivatives, of which are potential contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging .
Gadolinium phosphide is an inorganic compound of gadolinium and phosphorus with the chemical formula GdP. [1] [2] Synthesis ... Physical properties
Gadolinium isotopes have 10 metastable isomers, with the most stable being 143m Gd (t 1/2 = 110 seconds), 145m Gd (t 1/2 = 85 seconds) and 141m Gd (t 1/2 = 24.5 seconds). The primary decay mode at atomic weights lower than the most abundant stable isotope, 158 Gd, is electron capture , and the primary mode at higher atomic weights is beta decay .
The decahydrate of gadolinium oxalate thermally decomposes to obtain the anhydrous form, which can then be heated to produce gadolinium oxide. [2] Gadolinium oxalate reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce Gd(C 2 O 4)Cl. [3] It also reacts with sodium hydroxide under hydrothermal conditions to produce gadolinium hydroxide. [1]
Gadolinium monosulfide is a binary inorganic compound of gadolinium and sulfur with the chemical formula GdS. [1] [2] Synthesis ... Physical properties
The crystal structure of gadolinium oxysulfide has Trigonal symmetry (space group number 164). Each gadolinium ion is coordinated by four oxygen atoms and three sulfur atoms in a non-inversion symmetric arrangement. The Gd 2 O 2 S structure is a sulfur layer with double layers of gadolinium and oxygen in between. [4]
Gadolinium salts are of primary interest for relaxation agents in magnetic resonance imaging . This technique exploits the fact that Gd 3+ has an electronic configuration of f 7 . Seven is the largest number of unpaired electron spins possible for an atom, so Gd 3+ is a key component in the design of highly paramagnetic complexes. [ 6 ]
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