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Portrait of William Halsted Pectoralis Major. Halsted and Meyer were the first to achieve successful results with the radical mastectomy, thus ushering in the modern era of surgical treatment for breast cancer. In 1894, William Halsted published his work with radical mastectomy from the 50 cases operated at Johns Hopkins between 1889 and 1894. [3]
William Stewart Halsted, M.D. (September 23, 1852 – September 7, 1922) was an American surgeon who emphasized strict aseptic technique during surgical procedures, was an early champion of newly discovered anesthetics, and introduced several new operations, including the radical mastectomy for breast cancer.
Mastectomy is the medical term for the surgical removal of one or both breasts, partially or completely.A mastectomy is usually carried out to treat breast cancer. [1] [2] In some cases, women believed to be at high risk of breast cancer choose to have the operation as a preventive measure. [1]
Halsted's principles, also known as Tenets of Halsted, are the basic principles of surgical technique regarding tissue handling. [1] These key points were introduced in the late 19th century by William Stewart Halsted, co-founder of Johns Hopkins Hospital. [2] [3] Gentle handling of tissue; Meticulous haemostasis; Preservation of blood supply
1981 – American Dr. Bernard Fisher proves lumpectomy is as effective as mastectomy for breast cancer [4] 1989 – US FDA approves Carboplatin, a derivative of cisplatin, for chemotherapy [10] 1990 – US FDA approves tamoxifen for major additional use to help prevent the recurrence of cancer in "node-negative" patients [29]
In response to women's concerns over lymphedema after routine removal of lymph nodes during mastectomy, the more limited approach of sentinel node biopsy was developed. Advocacy efforts also led to the formal recommendation against the routine use of the Halsted radical mastectomy in favor of simple mastectomies and lumpectomies. [94]
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