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Biometrics are body measurements and calculations related to human characteristics and features. Biometric authentication (or realistic authentication) is used in computer science as a form of identification and access control. It is also used to identify individuals in groups that are under surveillance.
The U.S. government states that the purpose of US-VISIT is to advance the security of both the United States and worldwide travel, through the use and sharing of biometric information for identity management. U.S. Department of State consular officers and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officers collect biometric information (digital ...
The Biometric Consortium is a US government sponsored consortium created by the National Security Agency (NSA) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). ). It serves as the US government focal point for the research, development, testing, evaluation and application of biometric-based personal authentication techno
Biometric spoofing is a method of fooling [7] a biometric identification management system, where a counterfeit mold is presented in front of the biometric scanner. This counterfeit mold emulates the unique biometric attributes of an individual so as to confuse the system between the artifact and the real biological target and gain access to ...
The decision by the Brazilian government to adopt fingerprint-based biometrics was spearheaded by Dr. Felix Pacheco at Rio de Janeiro, at that time capital of the Federative Republic. Dr. Dr. Pacheco was a friend of Dr. Juan Vucetich , who invented one of the most complete ten-print classification systems in existence.
The earliest forms of Identity-based security was introduced in the 1960s by computer scientist Fernando Corbató. [4] During this time, Corbató invented computer passwords to prevent users from going through other people's files, a problem evident in his Compatible Time-Sharing System (C.T.S.S.), which allowed multiple users access to a computer concurrently. [5]
The Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS) is a computerized system maintained by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) since 1999. It is a national automated fingerprint identification and criminal history system.
FIPS 140-1, issued on 11 January 1994 and withdrawn on May 25, 2002, [5] was developed by a government and industry working group, composed of vendors and users of cryptographic equipment. The group identified the four "security levels" and eleven "requirement areas" listed above, and specified requirements for each area at each level.