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Folk medicine of the Middle Ages dealt with the use of herbal remedies for ailments. The practice of keeping physic gardens teeming with various herbs with medicinal properties was influenced by the gardens of Roman antiquity. [10] Many early medieval manuscripts have been noted for containing practical descriptions for the use of herbal remedies.
Many herbalists did not know how crucial it was to note that certain herbs could only grow in certain areas. This is why the spice trade played a major role in the medical development during medieval times because certain herbs that had healing properties had to be traded due to the lack of socioeconomic or climatic factors in that region.
The Tractatus de herbis (Treatise on Herbs), sometimes called Secreta Salernitana (Secrets of Salerno), is a textual and figural tradition of herbals handed down through several illuminated manuscripts of the late Middle Ages. These treatises present pure plant, mineral, or animal substances with therapeutic properties.
In traditional herbalism, it was used as a remedy for toothache and nosebleeds [79] and as a vulnerary (used for or useful in healing wounds). [80] Ginkgo biloba: Ginkgo: The leaf extract has been used to treat asthma, bronchitis, fatigue, Alzheimer's and tinnitus. [81] Glechoma hederacea: Ground-ivy It has been used as a "lung herb". [82]
The use of plants for medicinal purposes, and their descriptions, dates back two to three thousand years. [10] [11] The word herbal is derived from the mediaeval Latin liber herbalis ("book of herbs"): [2] it is sometimes used in contrast to the word florilegium, which is a treatise on flowers [12] with emphasis on their beauty and enjoyment rather than the herbal emphasis on their utility. [13]
The Nine Herbs Charm, Nigon Wyrta Galdor, Lay of the Nine Healing Herbs, or Nine Wort Spell (among other names) is an Old English charm recorded in the tenth century CE. [1] It is part of the Anglo-Saxon medical compilation known as Lacnunga , which survives in the manuscript Harley MS 585 in the British Library. [ 2 ]
Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times. Plants synthesize hundreds of chemical compounds for various functions, including defense and protection against insects , fungi , diseases , against parasites [ 2 ] and herbivorous mammals .
In this time period herbalist were not properly considered physicians due to their use of natural herbs to cure illnesses. Common herbs used in the middle ages were Sage, Betony , Hyssop, Chamomile etc. Each individual herb has specific healing properties that can aid in healing of the Sick. [2]
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