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The neural arch is very solid and quite compact, and the neural canal rather thin, so the spinal cord would have been relatively well protected. [2] Other features of the vertebra include multiple fossae or pits around the neural canal, especially just above it on the posterior side of the vertebra.
An arch extending from the top of the centrum is called a neural arch, while the haemal arch or chevron is found underneath the centrum in the caudal vertebrae of fish. The centrum of a fish is usually concave at each end (amphicoelous), which limits the motion of the fish.
Rachitrema pellati type neural arch in posterior (4b), right lateral (4) and anterior (4a) views. After Sauvage (1883) After Sauvage (1883) Scientific classification
The second arch becomes the hyoid and jaw support. [5] In fish, the other posterior arches contribute to the brachial skeleton, which support the gills; in tetrapods the anterior arches develop into components of the ear, tonsils, and thymus. [7] The genetic and developmental basis of pharyngeal arch development is well characterized.
The second arch becomes the hyoid and jaw support. [2] In fish, the other posterior arches contribute to the branchial skeleton, which support the gills; in tetrapods the anterior arches develop into components of the ear, tonsils, and thymus. [4] The genetic and developmental basis of pharyngeal arch development is well characterized.
The involved elements include: the supraneural bones of the skull; modified neural arch bones, specifically the paired claustra and the scaphia; the intercalarium and the lateral processes; the tripus; the os suspensorium from the fourth vertebra; the parapophysis of vertebra number five including the vertebra itself, plus the vertebra's ...
Neural spine of Maraapunisaurus as drawn by E.D. Cope with parts labeled. The key rebbachisaurid features are the spinopostzygapophyseal laminae that extends dorsomedially from the postzygapophyses to join and form the postspinal lamina, and the pneumatic neural spine and arch.
The dorsoventral and mediolateral sides of the centra are concave, forming distinct but shallow lateral fossae that make contact with the neural arch dorsally. [2] [1] [7] At the base of the neural arch, the diapophyses are positioned centrally. The best-preserved vertebra reveals that they are oval in cross-section, bent ventrolaterally, and ...