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Mohammad Abdus Salam [4] [5] [6] NI(M) SPk (/ s æ ˈ l æ m /; pronounced [əbd̪ʊs səlaːm]; 29 January 1926 – 21 November 1996) [7] was a Pakistani theoretical physicist.He shared the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics with Sheldon Glashow and Steven Weinberg for his contribution to the electroweak unification theory. [8]
Some GUTs, such as the Pati–Salam model, predict the existence of magnetic monopoles. While GUTs might be expected to offer simplicity over the complications present in the Standard Model , realistic models remain complicated because they need to introduce additional fields and interactions, or even additional dimensions of space, in order to ...
Sheldon Glashow, [1] Abdus Salam, [2] and Steven Weinberg [3] were awarded the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics for their contributions to the unification of the weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, known as the Weinberg–Salam theory.
In the 1960s, Sheldon Glashow, Abdus Salam and Steven Weinberg unified the electromagnetic force and the weak interaction by showing them to be two aspects of a single force, now termed the electroweak force. [8] [9] The existence of the W and Z bosons was not directly confirmed until 1983. [10] (p8)
This is a hallmark of a neutral current interaction and is interpreted as a neutrino exchanging an unseen Z boson with a proton or neutron in the bubble chamber. The neutrino is otherwise undetectable, so the only observable effect is the momentum imparted to the proton or neutron by the interaction. The discovery of the W and Z
The Higgs mechanism was incorporated into modern particle physics by Steven Weinberg and Abdus Salam, and is an essential part of the Standard Model. In the Standard Model, at temperatures high enough that electroweak symmetry is unbroken, all elementary particles are massless.
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Weak neutral currents were predicted by electroweak theory developed mainly by Abdus Salam, John Clive Ward, Sheldon Glashow and Steven Weinberg, [3] and confirmed shortly thereafter in 1973, in a neutrino experiment in the Gargamelle bubble chamber at CERN.