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In United States criminal law, the border search exception is a doctrine that allows searches and seizures at international borders and their functional equivalent without a warrant or probable cause. [1] Generally speaking, searches within 100 miles (160 km) of the border are more permissible without a warrant than those conducted elsewhere in ...
Almeida-Sanchez v. United States, 413 U.S. 266 (1973), was a United States Supreme Court case holding that the search of an automobile by the United States Border Patrol without a warrant or probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment. [1] The vehicle was stopped and searched for illegal aliens twenty-five miles (40 km) from the Mexican border ...
United States v. Cotterman, [4] (9th Cir. en banc 2013), is a United States court case in which the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that property, such as a laptop and other electronic storage devices, presented for inspection when entering the United States at the border may not be subject to forensic examination without a reason for suspicion, a holding that ...
The Olney interpretation (also known as the Olney corollary or Olney declaration) was United States Secretary of State Richard Olney's interpretation of the Monroe Doctrine. During a border dispute between British Guiana and Venezuela, Olney claimed in 1895 that the Monroe Doctrine gave the United States authority to mediate border disputes in ...
tax law, business purpose doctrine: Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States: 295 U.S. 495 (1935) interstate commerce, New Deal Humphrey's Executor v. United States: 295 U.S. 602 (1935) administrative action, separation of powers: Pacific States Box & Basket Co. v. White: 296 U.S. 176 (1935) early case on standard of review for regulations: Fox ...
United States v. Arnold, 533 F.3d 1003 (9th Cir. 2008), is a United States court case in which the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution does not require government agents to have reasonable suspicion before searching laptops or other digital devices at the border, including international airports.
Case history; Prior: 731 F.2d 1369 (9th Cir. 1984): Holding; The detention of a traveler at the border, beyond the scope of a routine customs search and inspection, is justified at its inception if customs agents, considering all the facts surrounding the traveler and her trip, reasonably suspect that the traveler is smuggling contraband in her alimentary canal; here, the facts, and their ...
On remand at, Remanded by United States v. Flores-Montano, 377 F.3d 1105, 2004 U.S. App. LEXIS 15999 (9th Cir., Aug. 4, 2004) Holding; At the international border, the Fourth Amendment does not require reasonable suspicion for customs agents to remove the gas tank from a vehicle entering the United States in order to check for drugs. Court ...