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Early examples of sonata form resemble two-reprise continuous ternary form. [1] Sonata form, optional features in parentheses [2]. The sonata form (also sonata-allegro form or first movement form) is a musical structure generally consisting of three main sections: an exposition, a development, and a recapitulation.
However, two- and three-movement sonatas continued to be written throughout the Classical period: Beethoven's opus 102 pair has a two-movement C major sonata and a three-movement D major sonata. Nevertheless, works with fewer or more than four movements were increasingly felt to be exceptions; they were labelled as having movements "omitted ...
Piano sonatas are usually written in three or four movements, although some piano sonatas have been written with a single movement (Scarlatti, Liszt, Scriabin, Medtner, Berg), others with two movements (Haydn, Beethoven), some contain five (Brahms' Third Piano Sonata, Czerny's Piano Sonata No. 1, Godowsky's Piano Sonata) or even more movements.
The third movement usually follows a dance-like form, such as Minuet [or Scherzo] and Trio form. It is commonly written in the home key. Or, if used as the last movement, is in a fast tempo such as prestissimo, presto, or vivace. Like in Beethoven's "Pathetique" sonata Op.13 Third Movement
Sonata form is one of the most influential ideas in the history of Western classical music.Since the establishment of the practice by composers like C.P.E. Bach, Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, and Schubert and the codification of this practice into teaching and theory, the practice of writing works in sonata form has changed considerably.
Ludwig van Beethoven wrote 32 mature piano sonatas between 1795 and 1822. (He also wrote 3 juvenile sonatas at the age of 13 [1] and one unfinished sonata, WoO. 51.)Although originally not intended to be a meaningful whole, as a set they comprise one of the most important collections of works in the history of music. [2]
Sonata in E-flat for Keyboard and Violin, K. 26 (1766) Sonata in G for Keyboard and Violin, K. 27 (1766) Sonata in C for Keyboard and Violin, K. 28 (1766) Sonata in D for Keyboard and Violin, K. 29 (1766) Sonata in F for Keyboard and Violin, K. 30 (1766) Sonata in B-flat for Keyboard and Violin, K. 31 (1766)
The C ♯ minor sonata, particularly the third movement, is held to have been the inspiration for Frédéric Chopin's Fantaisie-Impromptu, and the Fantaisie-Impromptu to have been in fact a tribute to Beethoven. [32] It manifests the key relationships of the sonata's three movements, chord structures, and even shares some passages.