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2.4 million (2016) [9] Dementia is a syndrome associated with many neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by a general decline in cognitive abilities that affects a person's ability to perform everyday activities. This typically involves problems with memory, thinking, behavior, and motor control. [10]
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition ( DSM-5 ), is the 2013 update to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the taxonomic and diagnostic tool published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA). In 2022, a revised version (DSM-5-TR) was published. [1]
The prevalence of the disorder among the elderly is between 0.1% and 4%. [1] Paraphrenia is not included in the DSM-5 ; psychiatrists often diagnose patients presenting with paraphrenia as having atypical psychosis, delusional disorder , psychosis not otherwise specified, schizoaffective disorders , and persistent persecutory states of older ...
Pseudodementia (otherwise known as depression-related cognitive dysfunction or depressive cognitive disorder) is a condition where mental cognition can be temporarily decreased. The term pseudodementia is applied to the range of functional psychiatric conditions such as depression, schizophrenia and other psychosis, mania, dissociative disorder ...
Mild cognitive impairment ( MCI) is a neurocognitive disorder which involves cognitive impairments beyond those expected based on an individual's age and education but which are not significant enough to interfere with instrumental activities of daily living. [1] MCI may occur as a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia ...
Psychological therapies which are considered as potential treatments for dementia include music therapy, [5] reminiscence therapy, [6] cognitive reframing for caretakers, [7] validation therapy, [8] and mental exercise. [9] Interventions may be used in conjunction with pharmaceutical treatment and can be classified within behavior, emotion ...
Extremely high blood pressure. Thyroid disease (hypo- and hyperthyroidism) Malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies, such as low B12 and B1, which are common with alcohol use. Mental health ...
Cognitive disorders ( CDs ), also known as neurocognitive disorders ( NCDs ), are a category of mental health disorders that primarily affect cognitive abilities including learning, memory, perception, and problem-solving. Neurocognitive disorders include delirium, mild neurocognitive disorders, and major neurocognitive disorder (previously ...
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