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t. e. Gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD) or gastro-oesophageal reflux disease ( GORD) is a chronic upper gastrointestinal disease in which stomach content persistently and regularly flows up into the esophagus, resulting in symptoms and/or complications. [6] [7] [10] Symptoms include dental corrosion, dysphagia, heartburn, odynophagia ...
They're highly acidic, prompting the stomach to create excess acid. Try removing lemons, limes, oranges, and grapefruit during a reflux flare. 3. Chocolate. Shutterstock. It's a bit of a bummer ...
Inflammation can cause the esophagus to narrow, which makes swallowing food difficult and may result in food bolus impaction. Diagnosis. Esophagitis can be diagnosed by upper endoscopy, biopsy, upper GI series (or barium swallow), and laboratory tests. An upper endoscopy is a procedure to look at the esophagus by using an endoscope.
Nutcracker esophagus is characterized as a motility disorder of the esophagus, meaning that it is caused by abnormal movement, or peristalsis of the esophagus. [2] People with motility disorders present with two main symptoms: chest pain or difficulty with swallowing. Chest pain is the more common. The chest pain is very severe and intense, and ...
Esophageal cancer usually affects the elderly. Esophageal cancers can be either squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent in the US and is associated with patients with chronic GERD who have developed Barrett's esophagus (intestinal metaplasia of esophageal mucosa). Squamous cell carcinoma is more prevalent ...
It may be a sensation that suggests difficulty in the passage of solids or liquids from the mouth to the stomach, [7] a lack of pharyngeal sensation or various other inadequacies of the swallowing mechanism. Dysphagia is distinguished from other symptoms including odynophagia, which is defined as painful swallowing, [8] and globus, which is the ...
Heartburn, also known as pyrosis, cardialgia or acid indigestion, [2] is a burning sensation in the central chest or upper central abdomen. [3] [4] [5] Heartburn is usually due to regurgitation of gastric acid (gastric reflux) into the esophagus. It is the major symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). [6]
Esophageal achalasia is an esophageal motility disorder involving the smooth muscle layer of the esophagus and the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). [5] It is characterized by incomplete LES relaxation, increased LES tone, and lack of peristalsis of the esophagus (inability of smooth muscle to move food down the esophagus) in the absence of ...