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Artificial lift is the use of artificial means to increase the flow of liquids, such as crude oil or water, from a production well. Generally this is achieved by the use of a mechanical device inside the well (known as pump or velocity string) or by decreasing the weight of the hydrostatic column by injecting gas into the liquid some distance down the well.
The injection and production phases together comprise one cycle. "Steam is re-injected to begin a new cycle when oil production rates fall below a critical threshold due to the cooling of the reservoir. Artificial lift method of production may be used at this stage. After a few cycles, it may not be economical to produce by the huff and puff ...
A light-induced fluorescence transient (LIFT) is a device to remotely measure chlorophyll fluorescence in plants in a fast and non-destructive way. By using a series of excitation light pulses, LIFT combines chlorophyll fluorescence data with spectral and RGB information to provide insights into various photosynthetic traits and vegetation indices.
Enhanced oil recovery (abbreviated EOR), also called tertiary recovery, is the extraction of crude oil from an oil field that cannot be extracted otherwise. Although the primary and secondary recovery techniques rely on the pressure differential between the surface and the underground well, enhanced oil recovery functions by altering the ...
September 18, 2024 at 9:24 PM. [BBC] England has a housing crisis. Very few disagree. There are simply not enough safe, affordable, decent homes where people want to live. Homelessness is at ...
Dozens of new homes will be built on a key brownfield site nearly four years after an appeal over its fate was first launched. Castle Cary (BMI) Ltd applied back in 2018 to redevelop the former ...
Brownfields are defined by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as properties that are complicated by the potential presence of pollutants or otherwise hazardous substances. [ 1][ 2] The pollutants such as heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCB ), poly- and per-fluoroalkyl substances ( PFAS ), and volatile organic compounds ( VOCs ...
In Honduras, the business-lending arm of the World Bank aligned itself with a key player in a land dispute that has left more than 130 people dead, including Gregorio Chávez, a preacher who went out to tend his garden one day and didn’t come back. In the last decade, the International Finance Corp.’s lending and influence has soared, even as it has embraced financing methods that shield ...