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Toddler's diarrhea is characterized by three or more watery stools per day that persist for 2–4 weeks or more. [2] [6] Newborns and infants may normally have soft and frequent stools; however, any noticeable changes in stool frequency or form (i.e. watery) can indicate toddler's diarrhea. [7]
Acrodermatitis enteropathica is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder affecting the uptake of zinc through the inner lining of the bowel, the mucous membrane.It is characterized by inflammation of the skin around bodily openings (periorificial) and the tips of fingers and toes (acral), hair loss (), and diarrhea.
Prepubertal hypertrichosis is characterized by an excess of hair growth, seen during birth and progressing during childhood. [3] [6] In generalized hypertrichosis, excessive hair growth occurs all over the body, whereas in localized hypertrichosis, excessive hair growth only occurs in certain areas of the body. [2]
It presents as growth retardation, severe diarrhea, hair loss, skin rash (most often around the genitalia and mouth) and opportunistic candidiasis, and bacterial infections. [6] Numerous small bowel diseases which cause destruction or malfunction of the gut mucosa enterocytes and generalized malabsorption are associated with zinc deficiency.
CCD may be detectable on prenatal ultrasound. [4] [5] After birth, signs in affected babies typically are abdominal distension, visible peristalsis, and watery stools persistent from birth that show chloride loss of more than 90 mmol/L. [5] An important feature in this diarrhea that helps in the diagnosis, is that it is the only type of diarrhea that causes metabolic alkalosis rather than ...
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Therapy can include the use of zinc supplements to reduce the duration of diarrhea in infants and children under the age of 5. [1] Use of oral rehydration therapy has been estimated to decrease the risk of death from diarrhea by up to 93%. [2] Side effects may include vomiting, high blood sodium, or high blood potassium. [1]