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Xochitecatl [ʃot͡ʃiˈtekat͡ɬ] is a pre-Columbian archaeological site located in the Mexican State of Tlaxcala, 18 km southwest of Tlaxcala city. [1] The major architecture dates to the Middle Preclassic Period (1000–400 BC) but occupation continued, with one major interruption, until the Late Classic , when the site was abandoned.
It contains a sprawling palace with vibrantly colored murals painted in Maya style. The nearby site of Xochitecatl was a more public ceremonial complex associated with Cacaxtla. Cacaxtla and Xochitecatl prospered 650–900 CE, probably controlling important trade routes through the region with an enclave population of no more than 10,000 people.
It is primarily found in Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. [1] Enterobactin is the strongest siderophore known, binding to the ferric ion (Fe 3+) with affinity K = 10 52 M −1. [2] This value is substantially larger than even some synthetic metal chelators, such as EDTA (K f,Fe3+ ~ 10 25 M −1). [3]
The root microbiome (also called rhizosphere microbiome) is the dynamic community of microorganisms associated with plant roots. [1] Because they are rich in a variety of carbon compounds, plant roots provide unique environments for a diverse assemblage of soil microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and archaea.
The general secretion (Sec) involves secretion of unfolded proteins that first remain inside the cells. In Gram-negative bacteria, the secreted protein is sent to either the inner membrane or the periplasm. But in Gram-positive bacteria, the protein can stay in the cell or is mostly transported out of the bacteria using other secretion systems.
For about 3 billion years, most organisms were microscopic, and bacteria and archaea were the dominant forms of life. [ 62 ] [ 63 ] Although bacterial fossils exist, such as stromatolites , their lack of distinctive morphology prevents them from being used to examine the history of bacterial evolution, or to date the time of origin of a ...
[9] [10] The Actinomycetota genus Bifidobacterium is the most common bacteria in the microbiome of human infants. [ 11 ] Although adults have fewer bifidobacteria, intestinal bifidobacteria help maintain the mucosal barrier and reduce lipopolysaccharide in the intestine.
Purple bacteria: 835–850, 1020–1040 BChl c: Green sulfur bacteria, Chloroflexota, C. thermophilum, [2] C. tepidum: 745–755 BChl d: Green sulfur bacteria: 705–740 BChl e: Green sulfur bacteria: 719–726 BChl f (Discovered by mutation of BChl e synthesis by analogy to BChl c/d. Not evolutionarily favorable.) [3] 700–710 BChl g ...