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Babesia species are in the phylum Apicomplexa, which also has the protozoan parasites that cause malaria, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis. [5] Four clades of Babesia species infect humans. The main species in each clade are: [citation needed] B. microti (< 3 μm) B. duncani
Babesia microti is a parasitic blood-borne piroplasm transmitted by deer ticks. B. microti is responsible for the disease babesiosis , a malaria -like zoonosis which causes fever, hemolytic anemia caused by hemolysis , and enlarged spleen.
Babesia species infect livestock worldwide, wild and domestic vertebrate animals, and occasionally humans, where they cause the disease babesiosis. [ 9 ] [ 7 ] In the United States, B. microti is the most common strain of the few that have been documented to cause disease in humans.
Babesia bovis is transmitted transovarially, from the female ticks to the eggs, and can remain resident in tick populations for up to four years without infecting a vertebrate host. More commonly, a larval tick feeds upon a domestic cow, an African buffalo or a water buffalo , releasing the parasites into the animal's bloodstream.
Babesia divergens is an intraerythrocytic parasite, transmitted by the tick Ixodes ricinus. [1] It is the most common cause of human babesiosis . [ 2 ] It is the main agent of bovine babesiosis , or "redwater fever", in Europe.
Created Date: 8/30/2012 4:52:52 PM
Babesia bigemina is a species of alveolates belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa and the family Babesiidae, a type of protozoan parasite. In cattle, it causes babesiosis , also called "Texas fever". Its length is 4–5 μm and its width is 2–3 μm.
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