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Where the sum of forces on the contents of a control volume in the open channel is equal to the sum of the time rate of change of the linear momentum of the contents of the control volume, plus the net rate of flow of linear momentum through the control surface. [1] The momentum principle may always be used for hydrodynamic force calculations. [2]
He is known for developing a similarity parameter for predicting the flow characteristics of one channel based on the measurements of another, known today as the Chézy formula. [1] The Chézy equation is a pioneering formula in the field of fluid mechanics, and was expanded and modified by Irish engineer Robert Manning in 1889 [ 1 ] as the ...
The discharge of a steady flow is non-uniform along a channel. This happens when water enters and/or leaves the channel along the course of flow. An example of flow entering a channel would be a road side gutter. An example of flow leaving a channel would be an irrigation channel.
This can only occur in a smooth channel that does not experience any changes in flow, channel geometry, roughness or channel slope. During uniform flow, the flow depth is known as normal depth (yn). This depth is analogous to the terminal velocity of an object in free fall, where gravity and frictional forces are in balance (Moglen, 2013). [ 3 ]
sc is a cross-platform, free, TUI, spreadsheet and calculator application that runs on Unix and Unix-like operating systems. It has also been ported to Windows. It can be accessed through a terminal emulator, and has a simple interface and keyboard shortcuts resembling the key bindings of the Vim text editor. It can be used in a similar manner ...
Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet editor developed by Microsoft for Windows, macOS, Android, iOS and iPadOS.It features calculation or computation capabilities, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications (VBA).
, the Darcy friction factor (also called flow coefficient λ [9] [10]). For laminar flow in a circular pipe of diameter D c {\displaystyle D_{c}} , the friction factor is inversely proportional to the Reynolds number alone ( f D = 64 / Re ) which itself can be expressed in terms of easily measured or published physical quantities (see ...
Scaling and Similarity in Rough Channel Flows at the Wayback Machine (archived July 16, 2011) Hydraulic Radius Design Equations Formulas Calculator; History of the Manning Formula; Manning formula calculator for several channel shapes ; Manning n values associated with photos; Table of values of Manning's n; Interactive demo of Manning's equation