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In Ireland, each new dwelling built from January 1, 2007, required a BER, unless planning application was lodged prior to December 31, 2006. From January 1, 2009, it became illegal to offer a dwelling for sale without BER. From July 1, 2008, a BER is necessary for new non-residential buildings where planning permission is required.
In Ireland, the building energy ratings are in existence since 2007. In this country Building Energy Rating (BER) is used as EPC. The scheme was mandatory for new dwelling and in 2008, its use was extended to non-residential and public buildings, in 2009 the HERS cover the all types of buildings. BER is a calculation based HERS.
The annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE; pronounced 'A'-'Few' or 'A'-'F'-'U'-'E') is a thermal efficiency measure of space-heating furnaces and boilers.The AFUE differs from the true 'thermal efficiency' in that it is not a steady-state, peak measure of conversion efficiency, but instead attempts to represent the actual, season-long, average efficiency of that piece of equipment ...
Heating appliances that use steam or hot water as the fluid are normally referred to as a residential steam boilers or residential hot water boilers. The most common fuel source for modern furnaces in North America and much of Europe is natural gas; other common fuel sources include LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), fuel oil, wood and in rare ...
Direct method of boiler efficiency test is more usable or more common. Boiler efficiency = power out / power in = Q × (Hg − Hf) / (q × GCV) × 100%. where Q, rate of steam flow in kg/h Hg, enthalpy of saturated steam in kcal/kg Hf, enthalpy of feed water in kcal/kg q, rate of fuel use in kg/h
EPCs are administered and regulated for separately in (a) England and Wales, (b) Scotland and (c) Northern Ireland. EPCs were introduced in England and Wales on 1 August 2007 as part of Home Information Packs (HIPs) for domestic properties with four or more bedrooms. Over time this requirement was extended to smaller properties. [3]
Convert all 400,000 gas boilers to district heating and heat pumps 2029 Use obligation and duty for renewable energy France Oil and gas boilers banned in new buildings 2023 Germany Ban on coal and oil boilers in existing buildings 2026 Aim to have 65% renewable energy in existing buildings from 2024 Ireland
The Directive on the promotion of cogeneration based on a useful heat demand in the internal energy market and amending Directive 92/42/EEC, [1] officially Directive 2004/8/EC, is a European Union directive for promoting the use of cogeneration, popularly better known as the 'Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Directive'.