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This is important because health quality, health distribution, and social protection of health in a population affect the development status of a nation. [1] Since health has been considered a fundamental human right, one author suggests the social determinants of health determine the distribution of human dignity. [5]
In 1995, Jo C. Phelan and Bruce G. Link developed the theory of fundamental causes.This theory seeks to outline why the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health disparities has persisted over time, [1] particularly when diseases and conditions previously thought to cause morbidity and mortality among low SES individuals have resolved. [2]
This includes: Access to health education, community and social context, access to quality healthcare, food security, neighborhood and physical environment, and economic stability. Up to 80% of a person's health is determined by SDOH, not clinical care and genetics. Health disparities exist in countries around the world.
Health literacy isn’t the same thing as reading literacy; 90 million Americans are considered to have low health literacy, Dr. Michelle Gourdine, chief medical officer at CVS Caremark, said at ...
The ability to read and understand medication instructions is a form of health literacy. Health literacy encompasses a wide range of skills, and competencies that people develop over their lifetimes to seek out, comprehend, evaluate, and use health information and concepts to make informed choices, reduce health risks, and increase quality of life.
Poor health outcomes appear to be an effect of economic inequality across a population. Nations and regions with greater economic inequality show poorer outcomes in life expectancy, [31]: Figure 1.1 mental health, [31]: Figure 5.1 drug abuse, [31]: Figure 5.3 obesity, [31]: Figure 7.1 educational performance, teenage birthrates, and ill health due to violence.
Parents with a low socioeconomic status cannot afford many of the health care resources which is the reason that their children may have a more advanced illness because of the lack of treatment. [24] This phenomenon is often called the "SES Gradient" or according to the World Health Organisation the "Social Gradient".
Health is treated as a stock which degrades over time in the absence of "investments" in health, so that health is viewed as a sort of capital. The model acknowledges that health is both a consumption good that yields direct satisfaction and utility , and an investment good , which yields satisfaction to consumers indirectly through fewer sick ...