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According to Élisabeth Roudinesco, the term was originally introduced into psychology 'in 1928, when Édouard Pichon published, in Pierre Janet's review, his article on "The Psychological Significance of Negation in French": "...[and] borrowed the legal term forclusif to indicate facts that the speaker no longer sees as part of reality'.
This glossary covers terms found in the psychiatric literature; the word origins are primarily Greek, but there are also Latin, French, German, and English terms. Many of these terms refer to expressions dating from the early days of psychiatry in Europe; some are deprecated, and thus are of historic interest.
Damage to the frontal cortices of the brain can cause deficits in behavior that can severely impact an individual's ability to manage their daily life. [11] As such, the period after a traumatic brain injury such as a frontal lobe disorder can be marked by emotional dysregulation. This is also true of neurodegenerative diseases. [12]
Risk factors for mental illness include psychological trauma, adverse childhood experiences, genetic predisposition, and personality traits. [7] [8] Correlations between mental disorders and substance use are also found to have a two way relationship, in that substance use can lead to the development of mental disorders and having mental disorders can lead to substance use/abuse.
A very large number of medical conditions can cause psychosis, sometimes called secondary psychosis. [31] Examples include: disorders causing delirium (toxic psychosis), in which consciousness is disturbed; neurodevelopmental disorders and chromosomal abnormalities, including velocardiofacial syndrome
Another cause of mental distress can be exposure to severely distressing life-threatening situations and experiences. A third cause, in very rare cases, can be inheritance. Some research has shown that very few people have the genetics for the potential to develop mental distress. However, there are many factors that must be accounted for.
In revising the diagnostic criteria for personality disorders, the work group for the list of "Personality and Personality Disorders" proposed the elimination of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) as a distinct entry in the DSM-5, and thus replaced a categorical approach to NPD with a dimensional approach, which is based upon the severity ...
Dissociative identity disorder; Other names: Multiple personality disorder Split personality disorder: Specialty: Psychiatry, clinical psychology: Symptoms: At least two distinct and relatively enduring personality states, [1] recurrent episodes of dissociative amnesia, [1] inexplicable intrusions into consciousness (e.g., voices, intrusive thoughts, impulses, trauma-related beliefs), [1] [2 ...