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At the time the language was spoken, it was known as *þiudisk, meaning "of the people"—as opposed to the Latin language "of the clergy"—which is the source of the English word Dutch. Now an international exception, it used to have in the Dutch language itself a cognate with the same meaning, i.e., Diets(c) or Duuts(c).
As in English, Dutch personal pronouns still retain a distinction in case: the nominative (subjective), genitive (≈ possessive) and accusative/dative (objective). A distinction was once prescribed between the accusative 3rd person plural pronoun hen and the dative hun , but it was artificial and both forms are in practice variants of the same ...
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This is an incomplete list of Dutch expressions used in English; some are relatively common (e.g. cookie), some are comparatively rare. In a survey by Joseph M. Williams in Origins of the English Language it is estimated that about 1% of English words are of Dutch origin. [1]
The official language is Dutch, with West Frisian as a secondary official language in the province of Friesland. [1] Dutch, English, and Papiamento are official in the Caribbean territories. [1] Netherlands literally means "lower countries" in reference to its low elevation and flat topography, with 26% below sea level. [15]
In the Netherlands, the official spelling is regulated by the Spelling Act of 15 September 2005. [1] This came into force on 22 February 2006, replacing the Act on the Spelling of the Dutch Language of 14 February 1947.
Dutch dialects are primarily the dialects that are both related with the Dutch language and are spoken in the same language area as the Dutch standard language. Although heavily under the influence of the standard language, some of them remain diverse and are found in the Netherlands and in the Brussels and Flemish regions of Belgium .
English is compulsory at all levels of the Dutch secondary education system: . Many elementary schools teach English in the upper grades.; Pupils must score at least a 5.5/10 for English Language and Literature at the high school finals to be able to graduate, which equals to a A2 level at the lowest (At VMBO high school level), [9] and a B2 to C1 level at the highest (At VWO high school level).