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The Livonian War (1558–1583) concerned control of Old Livonia (in the territory of present-day Estonia and Latvia). The Tsardom of Russia faced a varying coalition of the Dano-Norwegian Realm , the Kingdom of Sweden , and the Union (later Commonwealth ) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland .
Polish–Ottoman War (1672–1676) 1672–1676 Polish–Ottoman War (1672–1676) Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Wallachia Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Principality of Moldavia Cossack Hetmanate Lipka Tatars: Defeat Treaty of Buchach; Treaty of Żurawno [10] 1683–1699 Great Turkish War. Polish–Ottoman War (1683–1699) Russo-Turkish War ...
The Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory (also referred to as the Russo-Polish War) [3] took place in the final stage of the Livonian War, between 1577 and 1582. Polish–Lithuanian forces led by Stephen Báthory successfully fought against the army of Russian tsar Ivan IV ("the Terrible") over the Duchy of Livonia and Polotsk.
Conclusion of the Treaty of Pozvol in 1557. Painting by Maurycy Gottlieb, 1874.. The Treaty or Peace of Pozvol, Pasvalys or Pozwol was a peace treaty and an alliance concluded on 5 and 14 September 1557 between the Livonian Confederation and the Polish-Lithuanian union, whereby the former put its territories under Polish-Lithuanian protection. [1]
The siege of Reval (1577) was a failed siege conducted by Tsar Ivan IV against the Swedish city of Reval during the Livonian War.Despite being able to occupy eastern Livonia, the Russian campaign eventually ended in failure due to the Russians failing to capture Reval.
The Kingdom of Livonia [a] was a nominal state in what is now the territory of Estonia and Latvia.Russian tsar Ivan IV declared the establishment of the kingdom during the Livonian War of 1558–1583, but it never functioned properly as a polity.
1558–1583, the Livonian War, between Russia and an alliance of the Livonia, Poland–Lithuania, Denmark-Norway and Sweden; 1558–1561, Russo-Livonian War; 1560/1570–1577, Duke Magnus of Holstein's campaign in Central Estonia, allied with Russia; 1560, Wiek peasant uprising; 1562–1570, Muscovite–Lithuanian War;
Yet, he was able to recover and resume his campaigns in the Livonian War in 1572. [10] A Swedish counter-offensive in 1574 failed . [ 11 ] Ivan IV had introduced a new strategy, relying on tens of thousands of his troops, Cossacks , and tartars to achieve superiority over his adversaries.