Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Identity (philosophy) – Relation each thing bears to itself alone; Masked-man fallacy – Formal fallacy when one makes an illicit use of Leibniz's law in an argument, a fallacious use of this principle; Ship of Theseus – Thought experiment about identity over time
The law of continuity is a heuristic principle introduced by Gottfried Leibniz based on earlier work by Nicholas of Cusa and Johannes Kepler. It is the principle that "whatever succeeds for the finite, also succeeds for the infinite". [ 1 ]
The "identity of indiscernibles" is frequently invoked in modern logic and philosophy. It has attracted the most controversy and criticism, especially from corpuscular philosophy and quantum mechanics. The converse of this is often called Leibniz's law, or the indiscernibility of identicals, which is mostly uncontroversial. Sufficient reason ...
Tarski states this Leibniz's law as follows: I. Leibniz' Law: x = y, if, and only if, x has every property which y has, and y has every property which x has. He then derives some other "laws" from this law: II. Law of Reflexivity: Everything is equal to itself: x = x. [Proven at PM 13.15] III. Law of Symmetry: If x = y, then y = x.
Leibniz's law states that if A and B are the same object, then A and B are indiscernible (that is, they have all the same properties). By modus tollens, this means that if one object has a certain property, while another object does not have the same property, the two objects cannot be identical. The fallacy is "epistemic" because it posits an ...
The modern [1] formulation of the principle is usually ascribed to early Enlightenment philosopher Gottfried Leibniz.Leibniz formulated it, but was not an originator. [2] The idea was conceived of and utilized by various philosophers who preceded him, including Anaximander, [3] Parmenides, Archimedes, [4] Plato and Aristotle, [5] Cicero, [5] Avicenna, [6] Thomas Aquinas, and Spinoza. [7]
The modern formulation of identity is that of Gottfried Leibniz, who held that x is the same as y if and only if every predicate true of x is true of y as well. Leibniz's ideas have taken root in the philosophy of mathematics, where they have influenced the development of the predicate calculus as Leibniz's law.
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz claimed that the law of identity, which he expresses as "Everything is what it is", is the first primitive truth of reason which is affirmative, and the law of noncontradiction is the first negative truth (Nouv. Ess. IV, 2, § i), arguing that "the statement that a thing is what it is, is prior to the statement that it ...