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The Sorgenfrey line can thus be used to study right-sided limits: if : is a function, then the ordinary right-sided limit of at (when the codomain carries the standard topology) is the same as the usual limit of at when the domain is equipped with the lower limit topology and the codomain carries the standard topology.
The cofinite topology on an infinite set is locally compact in senses (1), (2), and (3), and compact as well, but it is not Hausdorff or regular so it is not locally compact in senses (4) or (5). The indiscrete topology on a set with at least two elements is locally compact in senses (1), (2), (3), and (4), and compact as well, but it is not ...
Every compact space is σ-compact, and every σ-compact space is Lindelöf (i.e. every open cover has a countable subcover). [4] The reverse implications do not hold, for example, standard Euclidean space (R n) is σ-compact but not compact, [5] and the lower limit topology on the real line is Lindelöf but not σ-compact. [6]
In mathematics, a topological space is, roughly speaking, a geometrical space in which closeness is defined but cannot necessarily be measured by a numeric distance.More specifically, a topological space is a set whose elements are called points, along with an additional structure called a topology, which can be defined as a set of neighbourhoods for each point that satisfy some axioms ...
For an ordered space (X, <) (i.e. a totally ordered set equipped with the order topology), the following are equivalent: (X, <) is compact. Every subset of X has a supremum (i.e. a least upper bound) in X. Every subset of X has an infimum (i.e. a greatest lower bound) in X. Every nonempty closed subset of X has a maximum and a minimum element.
Absolutely closed See H-closed Accessible See . Accumulation point See limit point. Alexandrov topology The topology of a space X is an Alexandrov topology (or is finitely generated) if arbitrary intersections of open sets in X are open, or equivalently, if arbitrary unions of closed sets are closed, or, again equivalently, if the open sets are the upper sets of a poset.
The following is a list of named topologies or topological spaces, many of which are counterexamples in topology and related branches of mathematics. This is not a list of properties that a topology or topological space might possess; for that, see List of general topology topics and Topological property.
Throughout the history of topology, connectedness and compactness have been two of the most widely studied topological properties. Indeed, the study of these properties even among subsets of Euclidean space, and the recognition of their independence from the particular form of the Euclidean metric, played a large role in clarifying the notion of a topological property and thus a topological space.