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reference for fundamental values and principles of universities, in particular including institutional autonomy and academic freedom The Magna Charta Universitatum (Great Charter of Universities) is a two-page document produced by the University of Bologna and the European Rectors' Conference (now called the European University Association) in ...
institutional autonomy; campus integrity; freedom of academic and cultural expression; As of 2023, Academic freedom overall around the world has been in retreat since 2013. [22] Causes cited have included authoritarianism [22] as well as political polarization [23] [24] and populism. [25]
The Academy of Sciences of Albania (Albanian: Akademia e Shkencave e Shqipërisë), founded in 1972, is the most important scientific institution in Albania. [1] In the 1980s, several research institutes began at the University of Tirana were transferred to the Academy's jurisdiction. [ 2 ]
But autonomy should be seen as a solution to self-determination struggles. Self-determination is a movement toward independence, whereas autonomy is a way to accommodate the distinct regions/groups within a country. Institutional autonomy can diffuse conflicts regarding minorities and ethnic groups in a society.
The main governing bodies of the University of Pristina are the steering council and the Senate. The steering council has overall strategic responsibility for the effective institutional functioning of the university. The University Senate is the highest academic body of the university.
Although formally only accountable to the legislature through its annual report and budget plan, MRTV remains informally accountable to the executive, undermining institutional autonomy. [6] MRTV also risks neglecting cultural pluralism obligations, in terms of programmes for minorities, as well as lacking impartiality and distance from ...
The Albanian Telegraphic Agency (ATSH; Albanian: Agjencia Telegrafike Shqiptare) is the official multimedia news agency of the Albanian government.Its content is published in some of the main news agencies around the world of which it has contractual agreements with, such as: AFP, DPA, ANSA, Xinhua, Anadolu, etc.
The Albanian National Awakening (Albanian: Rilindja or Rilindja Kombëtare), commonly known as the Albanian Renaissance or Albanian Revival, is a period throughout the 19th and 20th century of a cultural, political, and social movement in the Albanian history where the Albanian people gathered strength to establish an independent cultural and political life, as well as the country of Albania.