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  2. Malice (law) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malice_(law)

    In English criminal law on mens rea (Latin for "guilty mind"), R v. Cunningham (1957) 2 AER 412 was the pivotal case in establishing both that the test for "maliciously" was subjective rather than objective, and that malice was inevitably linked to recklessness. In that case, a man released gas from the mains into adjoining houses while ...

  3. Works agreement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Works_agreement

    A works agreement can be valid for an unlimited period of time or be scoped to a specific time period or action. If a "short time work" works agreement was introduced for the year 2021, it would expire in 2022, while a works agreement on regular working hours would be valid for an unlimited time period, unless otherwise specified. [1]: 39

  4. Intention to create legal relations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intention_to_create_legal...

    The element that converts any agreement into a true contract is "intention to create legal relations". There must be evidence that the parties intended the agreement to be subject to the law of contract. If evidence of intent is found, the agreement gives rise to legal obligations whereby any party in breach may be sued.

  5. Balfour v Balfour - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balfour_v_Balfour

    An agreement for separation when it is established does involve mutual considerations. That was why in Eastland v Burchell 3 QBD 432, the agreement for separation was found by the learned judge to have been of decisive consequence. But in this case there was no separation agreement at all.

  6. Letter of comfort (contract law) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_of_comfort...

    A letter of comfort, sometimes called a "letter of intent", is a communication from a party to a contract to the other party that indicates an initial willingness to enter into a contractual obligation absent the elements of a legally enforceable contract. The objective is to create a morally binding but not legally binding assurance.

  7. Intention in English law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intention_in_English_law

    The definition of intention provides that someone "intends" a result when: ...he wants it to exist or occur, is aware that it exists or is almost certain that it exists or will exist or occur. In 1993, the Law Commission revisited the definition of 'intention' proposing that: [A] person acts....'intentionally' with respect to a result when:

  8. Malicious compliance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malicious_compliance

    It usually implies following an order in such a way that ignores or otherwise undermines the order's intent, but follows it to the letter. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It can also describe a willful act of regulatory interference, for example when a corporation releases a compliant but inferior version of a product in response to new legislation.

  9. Surface bargaining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_bargaining

    In collective bargaining, surface bargaining is a strategy in which one of the parties "merely goes through the motions", with no intention of reaching an agreement. [1] In this regard, it is a form of bad faith bargaining. [2] Distinguishing surface bargaining from good faith bargaining is extremely difficult. [3]