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A new mother holds her premature baby at Kapiolani Medical Center NICU in Honolulu, Hawaii. Signs and symptoms of preterm labor include four or more uterine contractions in one hour. In contrast to false labour, true labor is accompanied by cervical dilation and effacement. Also, vaginal bleeding in the third trimester, heavy pressure in the ...
A preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is defined as babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed. [40] There are three types of preterm births: extremely preterm (less than 28 weeks), very preterm (28 to 32 weeks) and moderate to late preterm (32 to 37 weeks). [40]
A newborn is, in colloquial use, a baby who is only hours, days, or weeks old; while in medical contexts, a newborn or neonate (from Latin, neonatus, newborn) is an infant in the first 28 days after birth [2] (the term applies to premature, full term, and postmature infants).
A fetus born prior to the 37th week of gestation is considered to be preterm. A preterm baby is likely to be premature and consequently faces increased risk of morbidity and mortality. An estimated due date is given by Naegele's rule. According to the WHO, a preterm birth is defined as "babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed."
Adequate nutrition is needed for a healthy fetus. Mothers who gain less than 20 pounds during pregnancy are at increased risk for having a preterm or low birth weight infant. [51] Iron and iodine are especially important during prenatal development. Mothers who are deficient in iron are at risk for having a preterm or low birth weight infant. [52]
Premature infant in the NICU at McMaster Children's Hospital. Neonatology and NICUs have greatly increased the survival of very low birth-weight and extremely premature infants. In the era before NICUs, infants of birth weight less than 1,400 grams (3.1 pounds), usually about 30 weeks gestation, rarely survived.
Preterm birth is associated with alterations in volume of nervous tissue in early adulthood, including temporal, frontal, parietal and occipital areas. [20] Third-trimester brain development involves energy-dependent biological processes for optimal brain growth, which are disturbed in preterm infants even without observable structural brain ...
Late preterm infants are infants born at a gestational age between 34 + 0 ⁄ 7 weeks and 36 + 6 ⁄ 7 weeks. [1] They have higher morbidity and mortality rates than term infants (gestational age ≥37 weeks) due to their relative physiologic and metabolic immaturity, even though they are often the size and weight of some term infants.