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Hyperventilation is irregular breathing that occurs when the rate or tidal volume of breathing eliminates more carbon dioxide than the body can produce. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] This leads to hypocapnia , a reduced concentration of carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood.
Hyperventilation syndrome (HVS), also known as chronic hyperventilation syndrome (CHVS), dysfunctional breathing hyperventilation syndrome, cryptotetany, [1] [2] spasmophilia, [3] [4] [5] latent tetany, [4] [5] and central neuronal hyper excitability syndrome (NHS), [3] is a respiratory disorder, psychologically or physiologically based, involving breathing too deeply or too rapidly ...
Respiratory arrest is a serious medical condition caused by apnea or respiratory dysfunction severe enough that it will not sustain the body (such as agonal breathing). Prolonged apnea refers to a patient who has stopped breathing for a long period of time. If the heart muscle contraction is intact, the condition is known as respiratory arrest.
Cold shock response is a series of neurogenic cardio-respiratory responses caused by sudden immersion in cold water.. In cold water immersions, such as by falling through thin ice, cold shock response is perhaps the most common cause of death. [1]
Sleep apnea is a common sleep disorder that affects more than 20 percent of people in the United States. It happens when your breathing temporarily stops while you sleep. Depending on the severity ...
Central neurogenic hyperventilation (CNH) is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by deep and rapid breaths at a rate of at least 25 breaths per minute. Increasing irregularity of this respiratory rate generally is a sign that the patient will enter into coma. CNH is unrelated to other forms of hyperventilation, like Kussmaul's ...
The hyperventilation leads to an excessive elimination of carbon dioxide (CO 2) whereas no significant additional amounts of oxygen can be stocked in the body. As only carbon dioxide is responsible for the breathing stimulus, [ citation needed ] after hyperventilation, breath can be held longer until cerebral hypoxia occurs.
This explains the other common symptoms of hyperventilation—pins and needles, muscle cramps and tetany in the extremities, especially hands and feet. [ citation needed ] Because the brain stem regulates breathing by monitoring the level of blood CO 2 instead of O 2 , hypocapnia can suppress breathing to the point of blackout from cerebral ...