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An operating system is difficult to define, [6] but has been called "the layer of software that manages a computer's resources for its users and their applications". [7] Operating systems include the software that is always running, called a kernel —but can include other software as well.
This is a list of operating systems.Computer operating systems can be categorized by technology, ownership, licensing, working state, usage, and by many other characteristics.
Because 8b/10b encoding uses 10-bit symbols to encode 8-bit words, some of the possible 1024 (10 bit, 2 10) symbols can be excluded to grant a run-length limit of 5 consecutive equal bits and to ensure the difference between the count of zeros and ones to be no more than two. Some of the 256 possible 8-bit words can be encoded in two different ...
Operating Systems: Design and Implementation is a computer science textbook written by Andrew S. Tanenbaum, with help from Albert S. Woodhull.The book describes the principles of operating systems and demonstrates their application in the source code of Tanenbaum's MINIX, a free Unix-like operating system designed for teaching purposes. [2]