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A Mars sample-return (MSR) mission is a proposed mission to collect rock and dust samples on Mars and return them to Earth. [1] Such a mission would allow more extensive analysis than that allowed by onboard sensors.
The Sample Collection for Investigation of Mars (SCIM) is a mission concept for a Mars air and dust sample return. It was a semi-finalist at the Mars Scout Program along with four other missions in December 2002. [2] [3] The SCIM mission would be designed to skim through the Mars atmosphere without landing or entering orbit. [1]
In the summer of 2001, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) requested mission concepts and proposals from industry-led teams (Boeing, Lockheed Martin, and TRW). [17] The science requirements included at least 500 grams (18 oz) of samples, rover mobility to obtain samples at least 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from the landing spot, and drilling to obtain one sample from a depth of 2 metres (6 ft 7 in).
Tianwen-3 (Chinese: 天问三号) is a planned Mars sample-return mission by China which would send two spacecraft (an orbiter/Earth-returner and a lander/ascent-vehicle) via two separate launches to Mars. Together, the two spacecraft will seek to obtain samples of Martian rocks and soil and then return the cached samples to Earth. [1]
Artist concept of a Mars habitat Artist concept of a Mars sample return mission A concept for a combined surface habitat and ascent vehicle from the 1990s era Design Reference Mission 3.0. NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0 was a NASA study for a human space mission to the planet Mars in the 1990s. It was a plan for a human exploration ...
Later, other sample-return missions failed: Kosmos 300 and Kosmos 305 in 1969, Luna E-8-5 No. 405 in 1970, Luna E-8-5M No. 412 in 1975 had unsuccessful launches, and Luna 18 in 1971 and Luna 23 in 1974 had unsuccessful landings on the Moon. [13] In 1970, the Soviet Union planned for a 1975 first Mars sample-return mission in the Mars 5NM project.
The Crew Health and Performance Exploration Analog (CHAPEA) is a series of missions conducted by NASA simulating missions on Mars. It consists of three missions, the first of which began on June 25, 2023. [1] The mission is contained in a hangar at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. [2] Efforts to mimic a real Mars mission include a 22 ...
Mars sample return missions have been proposed that would return material from the surface of Mars back to Earth. The study of surface characteristics (or surface properties and processes [1]) is a broad category of Mars science that examines the nature of the materials making up the Martian surface. The study evolved from telescopic and remote ...