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The effect is named after John Ridley Stroop, who first published the effect in English in 1935. [2] The effect had previously been published in Germany in 1929 by other authors. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The original paper by Stroop has been one of the most cited papers in the history of experimental psychology , leading to more than 700 Stroop ...
The numerical Stroop effect, a concept rooted in cognitive psychology, refers to the interference that occurs when individuals are asked to compare numerical values or physical sizes of digits presented together. The effect arises when there is a mismatch—or incongruity—between the numerical value and the physical size of the digits.
Thus, the emotional Stroop does not involve an effect of conflict between a word meaning and a color of text, but rather appears to capture attention and slow response time due to the emotional relevance of the word for the individual. Both the standard Stroop effect and the emotional Stoop task have high test-retest reliability. [7] [8]
John Ridley Stroop (/ s t r uː p /; March 21, 1897 – September 1, 1973), better known as J. Ridley Stroop, was an American psychologist whose research in cognition and interference continues to be considered by some as the gold standard in attentional studies and profound enough to continue to be cited for relevance into the 21st century.
Parallel processing has been linked, by some experimental psychologists, to the stroop effect (resulting from the stroop test where there is a mismatch between the name of a color and the color that the word is written in). [5] In the stroop effect, an inability to attend to all stimuli is seen through people's selective attention. [6]
The Stroop color–word task utilizes the Stroop effect to observe the distractor suppression and negative priming. Identification tasks present a set of images, sounds, words, symbols, or letters and require the subject to select the prime target based a particular feature that differentiates the target from the distractor.
Stroop paradigm The Stroop paradigm was the first measure of attentional bias. [4] It also uses reaction time, only in this case utilizing colors. The subject would have to read the color of the word (e.g. brown), however, the name of the word would be a different color (e.g. red).
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