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  2. Stress and vowel reduction in English - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_and_vowel_reduction...

    Stress is a prominent feature of the English language, both at the level of the word (lexical stress) and at the level of the phrase or sentence (prosodic stress).Absence of stress on a syllable, or on a word in some cases, is frequently associated in English with vowel reduction – many such syllables are pronounced with a centralized vowel or with certain other vowels that are described as ...

  3. Vowel reduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vowel_reduction

    Stress is a prominent feature of the English language, both at the level of the word (lexical stress) and at the level of the phrase or sentence (prosodic stress). Absence of stress on a syllable or on a word, in some cases, is frequently associated in English with vowel reduction; many such syllables are pronounced with a centralized vowel or ...

  4. Checked and free vowels - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checked_and_free_vowels

    The free vowels are the following: / iː / as in pea / eɪ / as in pay / uː / as in too / oʊ / as in Poe / ɔː / as in paw / ɑː / as in bra / aɪ / as in pie / aʊ / as in plow / ɔɪ / as in ploy; The schwa / ə / is usually considered neither free nor checked because it cannot stand in stressed syllables.

  5. Verner's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verner's_law

    An exact parallel to Verner's law is found in the neighboring Finnic languages, where it forms a part of the system of consonant gradation: a single voiceless consonant (*p, *t, *k, *s) becomes weakened (*b, *d, *g; *h < *z) when occurring after an unstressed syllable. As word stress in Finnic is predictable (primary stress on the initial ...

  6. Stress (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_(linguistics)

    Word stress, or sometimes lexical stress, is the stress placed on a given syllable in a word. The position of word stress in a word may depend on certain general rules applicable in the language or dialect in question, but in other languages, it must be learned for each word, as it is largely unpredictable, for example in English .

  7. Metrical phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metrical_phonology

    The most prominent syllable in a phrase is the one that does not have any Weak nodes above it. This syllable is called the Designated Terminal Element. In the example tree (1), the syllable '-ci-' is the Designated Terminal Element. (1) Metrical trees allow us to change the stress pattern for a phrase by switching S and W sister nodes.

  8. Prosody (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosody_(linguistics)

    Stress functions as the means of making a syllable prominent. Stress may be studied in relation to individual words (named "word stress" or lexical stress) or in relation to larger units of speech (traditionally referred to as "sentence stress" but more appropriately named "prosodic stress"). Stressed syllables are made prominent by several ...

  9. Optimality theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimality_Theory

    A syllable must not have more than one segment in its onset, nucleus or coda. CodaCond: Coda consonants cannot have place features that are not shared by an onset consonant. CodaCondition: NonFinality: A word-final syllable (or foot) must not bear stress. NonFin: FtBin: A foot must be two syllables (or moras). FootBinarity: Pk-Prom

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