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Quercus imbricaria is usually 15–18 meters (49–59 ft) high, maximum height 100 ft, with a broad pyramidal head when young, becoming in old age, broad-topped and open. Trunk up to 1 m (39 in) in diameter (rarely 1.4 m or 56 in).
Oak regeneration failure is a woodland phenomenon whereby insufficient oak seedlings and saplings are recruited into the canopy to replace dead mature oaks.The result is a local decline in oak numbers while other more shade-tolerant trees such as maple, lime, and ash may become more prominent.
To regenerate oaks, the oak saplings should be 4–5 feet tall before removing the overstory. To favor oak regeneration, non-oak stems in the understory exceeding 4 feet can be controlled by various methods. The quality of the environment impacts oak regeneration. [11] Seed production starts when the tree is about 20 years old.
Quercus stellata, the post oak or iron oak, is a North American species of oak in the white oak section. It is a slow-growing oak that lives in dry areas on the edges of fields, tops of ridges, and also grows in poor soils, and is resistant to rot, fire, and drought. Interbreeding occurs among white oaks, thus many hybrid species combinations ...
The valley oak may surpass 30 meters (98 feet) in height, with a sturdy trunk possibly exceeding 3 m (10 ft) in diameter. The "Henley Oak", in Covelo, California, is the tallest known valley oak, at 47 m (153 ft). [7] [8] The branches have an irregular, spreading and arching appearance.
The two species have contrasting kinds of bark: chinquapin oak has a gray, flaky bark very similar to that of white oak (Q. alba) but with a more yellow-brown cast to it (hence the occasional name yellow oak for this species), while chestnut oak has dark, solid, deeply ridged bark.
The leaves of the black oak are alternately arranged on the twig and are 10–20 cm (4–8 in) long with 5–7 bristle-tipped lobes separated by deep U-shaped notches. The upper surface of the leaf is a shiny deep green, and the lower is yellowish-brown. There are also stellate hairs on the underside of the leaf that grow in clumps. [5]
The Boyington Oak, an approximately 180-year-old southern live oak in Mobile, Alabama, that is known for the folklore surrounding its origin. [24] [25] The Cellon Oak, with a circumference of 9 m (30 ft), a height of 26 m (85 ft), and an average crown spread of 49 m (160 ft), is the largest recorded live oak tree in Florida.