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In addition to its effects on the pancreas which can cause malabsorption, alcohol can cause a form of vitamin A deficiency localized to the human eye. Retinol requires retinol dehydrogenase to be converted to retinaldehyde; retinol dehydrogenase is the same enzyme as alcohol dehydrogenase. In people with chronic alcohol abuse, alcohol may ...
Keratomalacia is an eye disorder that results from vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is required to maintain specialized epithelia (such as in the cornea and conjunctiva ). The precise mechanism is still not known, but vitamin A is necessary for the maintenance of the specialized epithelial surfaces of the body.
The causes are vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy, followed by low transfer of vitamin A during lactation and infant/child diets low in vitamin A or beta-carotene. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The prevalence of pre-school age children who are blind due to vitamin A deficiency is lower than expected from incidence of new cases only because childhood vitamin A ...
A major cause of Bitot's spots is vitamin A deficiency (VAD). [4] Rarely, pellagra due to deficiency of vitamin B 3 (niacin) may also cause Bitot's spots. [5] They can also be caused by Colestyramine , which is a bile acid sequestrant which can reduce the absorption of fat soluble vitamins (Vitamins A, D, E, K)
No vitamin A toxicity has ever been reported from ingestion of excessive amounts. [24] Overconsumption of beta-carotene can only cause carotenosis, a harmless and reversible cosmetic condition in which the skin turns orange. Preformed vitamin A absorption and storage in the liver occur very efficiently until a pathologic condition develops. [21]
The causes are vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy, followed by low transfer of vitamin A during lactation and infant/child diets low in vitamin A or β-carotene. [ 22 ] [ 19 ] The prevalence of pre-school age children who are blind due to vitamin A deficiency is lower than expected from incidence of new cases only because childhood vitamin A ...
This vitamin deficiency blinds hundreds of thousands of kids each year, and is a preventable cause of childhood blindness. Since vitamin A is required for rhodopsin , the photosensitive pigment in the retinol rods, its deficiency can lead to night blindness.
Alcoholism can also cause vitamin deficiencies. Long-term deficiencies can be life-threatening. [20] Riboflavin (Vitamin B 2) deficiency: Deficiency causes painful red tongue with sore throat, chapped and cracked lips, and inflammation at the corners of the mouth (angular cheilitis). Eyes can be itchy, watery, bloodshot and sensitive to light.