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Such transitions involve a change of the internal charm quantum number, and can take place only via the weak interaction. In D mesons, the charm quark preferentially changes into a strange quark via an exchange of a W particle, therefore the D meson preferentially decays into kaons (K) and pions (π). [1]
In thermodynamics, the particle number (symbol N) of a thermodynamic system is the number of constituent particles in that system. [1] The particle number is a fundamental thermodynamic property which is conjugate to the chemical potential. Unlike most physical quantities, the particle number is a dimensionless quantity, specifically a ...
Parton, is a generic term coined by Feynman for the sub-particles making up a composite particle – at that time a baryon – hence, it originally referred to what are now called "quarks" and "gluons". Odderon, a particle composed of an odd number of gluons, detected in 2021.
In particle physics, the quark model is a classification scheme for hadrons in terms of their valence quarks—the quarks and antiquarks that give rise to the quantum numbers of the hadrons. The quark model underlies "flavor SU(3)" , or the Eightfold Way , the successful classification scheme organizing the large number of lighter hadrons that ...
The free fields care for particles in isolation, whereas processes involving several particles arise through interactions. The idea is that the state vector should only change when particles interact, meaning a free particle is one whose quantum state is constant. This corresponds to the interaction picture in quantum mechanics.
This second-generation particle is the third-most-massive quark, with a mass of 1.27 ± 0.02 GeV/c 2 as measured in 2022, and a charge of + 2 / 3 e. The existence of the charm quark was first predicted by James Bjorken and Sheldon Glashow in 1964, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and in 1970, Glashow, John Iliopoulos , and Luciano Maiani showed how ...
† ^ Particle has not yet been observed. [a] ^ The masses of the proton and neutron are known with much better precision in daltons (Da) than in MeV / c 2 . In atomic mass units, the mass of the proton is 1.007 276 466 5789 (83) Da [ 28 ] whereas that of the neutron is 1.008 664 916 06 (40) Da .
In particle physics, a kaon, also called a K meson and denoted K, [a] is any of a group of four mesons distinguished by a quantum number called strangeness. In the quark model they are understood to be bound states of a strange quark (or antiquark) and an up or down antiquark (or quark).