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Seventh (F), in red, of a G7 dominant seventh chord in C Third inversion G7 chord; the seventh is the bass. In music, the seventh factor of a chord is the note or pitch seven scale degrees above the root or tonal center. [1] When the seventh is the bass note, or lowest note, of the expressed chord, the chord is in third inversion Play ⓘ.
Dominant seventh chords are often built on the fifth scale degree (or dominant) of a key. For instance, in the C major scale, G is the fifth note of the scale, and the seventh chord built on G is the dominant seventh chord, G 7 (shown above). In this chord, F is a minor seventh above G.
For example, for the chords "Dm7 ♭ 5 G7 ♭ 9, play down the B♭7 scale from its seventh to B" (B being the added half-step "bebop note" and third of the G7 ♭ 9 chord). This works because the notes of the Dm7 ♭ 5 chord { D F A ♭ C } are also chord tones of B ♭ 9 { B ♭ D F A ♭ C }. This scale is sometimes called the Phrygian ...
Of the seven notes in the major scale, a seventh chord uses only four (the root, third, fifth, and seventh). The other three notes (the second, fourth, and sixth) can be added in any combination; however, just as with the triads and seventh chords, notes are most commonly stacked – a seventh implies that there is a fifth and a third and a root.
The most common chords are tertian, constructed using a sequence of major thirds (spanning 4 semitones) and/or minor thirds (3 semitones). Since there are 3 third intervals in a seventh chord (4 notes) and each can be major or minor, there are 7 possible permutations (the 8th one, consisted of four major thirds, results in a non-seventh augmented chord, since a major third equally divides the ...
As it contains the notes and alterations (I, ♭ 9, m3/ ♯ 9, M3, ♭ 5/ ♯ 11, ♭ 13, m7), it is particularly important in the jazz harmonic idiom, notably as a V chord in a minor key. For our example key of C-minor, the V chord is G7, so the improviser would draw upon the G7 altered scale (mode VII of the A ♭ melodic minor). A complete ...
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Successive seventh chords starting with a secondary dominant: V 7 /V (II 7)–V 7 –I, in this case G 7 –C 7 –F). Note the chromatic voice leading (B ♮ –B ♭ –A), and that the F in the first chord is 27.26 cents lower than the F in the third chord.